Erik Erikson (1902-1994) says that there are eight stages of development unfolds when we transcend the cycle of life. Each stage consists of typical development tasks and prioritize individuals with a crisis that must be faced. For
Erikson, this crisis is not a catastrophe, but a turning point and an
increase in the potential for increased susceptibility.The more successful the individual to overcome the crisis, they will be more healthy development. Here are a few stages of development according to Erik Erikson's crisis:
Trust and distrust (trust versus mistrust)Is the first stage of psychosocial experienced in the first year of life. An uncomfortable feeling of confidence physically demanding and a small amount of fear and anxiety about the future. Confidence in infancy determines the hope that the world would be a better place to live and fun.Autonomy with a sense of shame and doubt (autonomy versus shame and doubt)The second is the stage of development that takes place in infancy and just started running (1-3 years). After gaining trust in their caregivers, infants begin to discover that their behavior is at will. They realize their willingness to think independently and their autonomy. If the baby is likely to be limited so they will tend to develop a sense of shame and doubt.Initiative and guilt (initiative versus guilt)A third phase that lasted for school years. When they entered the world of school they are more challenged than when it was a baby. Active children are expected to meet this challenge with a sense of responsibility for their behavior, their toys, and their pets. Children responsible for promoting the initiative. However, guilt can arise, if the child is not given the confidence and made them very anxious.Diligent and low self-esteem (industry versus inferiority)Took place during the years of elementary school. No other problems were more enthusiastic than at the end of the initial period of the children of imagination. When children enter elementary school years, they redirect their energies on the acquisition of knowledge and intellectual skills. Dangerous at this stage is feeling incompetent and unproductive.Identity and identity confusion (identity versus identity confusion)The fifth stage is experienced by individuals during the years of adolescence. At this stage they are confronted by the search for who they are, how they are later, and where they will lead the future. One important dimension is the exploration of alternative options for the role. Career assessment is important. Parents should allow older children to explore many roles and many roads. If the child explore various roles and find positive role then he will achieve a positive identity. If the parent refuses adolescent identity while teenagers do not know many roles and also explained about the positive future he will experience identity confusion.Intimacy and isolation (intimacy versus isolation)The sixth stage is experienced in the early days of adulthood. At this time people faced the task of forming intimate relationships with the development of others. When young children form healthy friendships and intimate relationships are intimate with others, intimacy will be achieved, if not, isolation will occur.Wake up and stop (generality versus stagnation)Seventh stage of growth experienced during mid-adulthood. The main problem is helping young people to develop and lead a useful life (generality). Feeling of not doing anything to help the next generation is the stagnationIntegrity and disappointment (integrity versus despair)Experienced during the eighth stage of adolescence. In the last years of life, we look back and evaluate what we have done for a living. If he has done something good in a past life then integrity is achieved. Conversely, if he considers long ago life in a negative way then it will tend to feel guilty and disappointed.
Trust and distrust (trust versus mistrust)Is the first stage of psychosocial experienced in the first year of life. An uncomfortable feeling of confidence physically demanding and a small amount of fear and anxiety about the future. Confidence in infancy determines the hope that the world would be a better place to live and fun.Autonomy with a sense of shame and doubt (autonomy versus shame and doubt)The second is the stage of development that takes place in infancy and just started running (1-3 years). After gaining trust in their caregivers, infants begin to discover that their behavior is at will. They realize their willingness to think independently and their autonomy. If the baby is likely to be limited so they will tend to develop a sense of shame and doubt.Initiative and guilt (initiative versus guilt)A third phase that lasted for school years. When they entered the world of school they are more challenged than when it was a baby. Active children are expected to meet this challenge with a sense of responsibility for their behavior, their toys, and their pets. Children responsible for promoting the initiative. However, guilt can arise, if the child is not given the confidence and made them very anxious.Diligent and low self-esteem (industry versus inferiority)Took place during the years of elementary school. No other problems were more enthusiastic than at the end of the initial period of the children of imagination. When children enter elementary school years, they redirect their energies on the acquisition of knowledge and intellectual skills. Dangerous at this stage is feeling incompetent and unproductive.Identity and identity confusion (identity versus identity confusion)The fifth stage is experienced by individuals during the years of adolescence. At this stage they are confronted by the search for who they are, how they are later, and where they will lead the future. One important dimension is the exploration of alternative options for the role. Career assessment is important. Parents should allow older children to explore many roles and many roads. If the child explore various roles and find positive role then he will achieve a positive identity. If the parent refuses adolescent identity while teenagers do not know many roles and also explained about the positive future he will experience identity confusion.Intimacy and isolation (intimacy versus isolation)The sixth stage is experienced in the early days of adulthood. At this time people faced the task of forming intimate relationships with the development of others. When young children form healthy friendships and intimate relationships are intimate with others, intimacy will be achieved, if not, isolation will occur.Wake up and stop (generality versus stagnation)Seventh stage of growth experienced during mid-adulthood. The main problem is helping young people to develop and lead a useful life (generality). Feeling of not doing anything to help the next generation is the stagnationIntegrity and disappointment (integrity versus despair)Experienced during the eighth stage of adolescence. In the last years of life, we look back and evaluate what we have done for a living. If he has done something good in a past life then integrity is achieved. Conversely, if he considers long ago life in a negative way then it will tend to feel guilty and disappointed.
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Unknown - Monday, April 29, 2013
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